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Maximum aperture

The maximum aperture, also referred to as lens speed, indicates how large an opening the lens can create for light to pass through to the camera sensor. Its value is expressed using an f-number, denoted by the letter "f" followed by a number, such as f/1.8 or f/4. An inverse relationship applies here – the lower the f-number, the larger the aperture opening, and the more light the lens allows to pass through. A lens with a low f-number, such as f/1.4, allows photography with shorter exposure times or lower ISO sensitivity even in poor lighting conditions, which helps prevent motion blur or digital noise. The aperture size also fundamentally influences the depth of field, which is the range of distances within which objects in the photograph appear sharp. A low f-number creates a shallow depth of field, causing only the main subject to be in sharp focus, while the background and foreground are blurred. This effect, referred to as "bokeh," is often utilized, for example, in portrait photography. For lenses with a variable focal length, so-called zoom lenses, the maximum aperture can be variable, for example f/3.5-5.6. This means that its value changes depending on the zoom.

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