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Very narrow directional (shotgun) microphones

Very narrow directional microphones, often referred to by the English term "shotgun", are designed to record sound from one particular direction. Their key feature is their ability to suppress most sounds coming from the sides and rear, and thus focus on the sound source directly in front of the microphone, even at greater distances. They got their name "shotgun", translated as shotgun, because of their characteristic long and narrow shape. This design is functional - a long tube with holes on the sides, called an interference tube, causes sound waves coming from the side to enter it at different points, cancel each other out, and reach the microphone insert itself only very attenuated. Sound from the direction the microphone is pointing, on the other hand, passes straight through and is recorded cleanly. Because of this ability, they are mainly used in film and video to capture dialogue when they are placed on a long pole out of the camera's view. Similarly, they are used by reporters for interviews in busy environments or for recording sounds in nature, such as birdsong, without distractions.

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